The Childs Upbringing in Superman and New Snowsuit :: Superman Paula Brown Literature Essays

The Child's Upbringing in Superman and New Snowsuit Narrator aged about ten (5th grade). American. Father seems to be dead (Otto). Uncle Frank a father figure -talks to her in a friendly, understanding way. Family seem comfortably off (linen table cloth, silver). Home a warm, friendly, secure place - goes to it to escape the other children. But war is beginning, so an unsettling time for a child, particularly one whose father is dead and whose uncle (whom she admires and likes - identifies him with Superman) is being drafted into the forces. Mother keeps quite a close eye on her - checks on what the film is that the children are going to see (Snow White) before allowing girl to go. Child imaginative and sensitive - plays imaginative games, vomits after seeing film about Japanese at war and has nightmares afterwards. Seems something of a loner - does not join in games played by big groups at school - instead plays with one 'bookish' boy and another who is an outsider. Invited to Paula's party only because 'it was for all the children in the block'. Paula invites her to play tag only because 'we need someone else' Paula picks on her quite unfairly because she wants someone to blame for her spoilt snowsuit. The other children join in, so girl feels isolated. Feels safe at home but when Mr. Sterling comes to tell about the damage, her mother says, 'Why didn't you tell me that you pushed Paula in the mud?' The girl is not asked what happened first, so feels that her mother is believing the lie without hearing her side of the story. Uncle Frank comes to her room in a friendly, understanding way, but by then the girl is feeling miserable and is unable to say what happened in a natural way. When Uncle Frank says they will pay for a new suit anyway, she probably feels that even he does not believe her. This episode, plus the war and probably her father's death, changed the girl's life for ever - she grew up and the world seemed a gloomier place (final paragraph). Kiss Miss Carol =============== Joli is completely different to the girl in the first story. Although he was born in England, his family are immigrants from Bangladesh. His father does not really fit in - he speaks Bengali to the boy, wears traditional clothing (unlike the children even of some other immigrant families). He has his own religion and village life at home is still so important to him that he sends his elder son home to sort out a dispute. The Child's Upbringing in Superman and New Snowsuit :: Superman Paula Brown Literature Essays The Child's Upbringing in Superman and New Snowsuit Narrator aged about ten (5th grade). American. Father seems to be dead (Otto). Uncle Frank a father figure -talks to her in a friendly, understanding way. Family seem comfortably off (linen table cloth, silver). Home a warm, friendly, secure place - goes to it to escape the other children. But war is beginning, so an unsettling time for a child, particularly one whose father is dead and whose uncle (whom she admires and likes - identifies him with Superman) is being drafted into the forces. Mother keeps quite a close eye on her - checks on what the film is that the children are going to see (Snow White) before allowing girl to go. Child imaginative and sensitive - plays imaginative games, vomits after seeing film about Japanese at war and has nightmares afterwards. Seems something of a loner - does not join in games played by big groups at school - instead plays with one 'bookish' boy and another who is an outsider. Invited to Paula's party only because 'it was for all the children in the block'. Paula invites her to play tag only because 'we need someone else' Paula picks on her quite unfairly because she wants someone to blame for her spoilt snowsuit. The other children join in, so girl feels isolated. Feels safe at home but when Mr. Sterling comes to tell about the damage, her mother says, 'Why didn't you tell me that you pushed Paula in the mud?' The girl is not asked what happened first, so feels that her mother is believing the lie without hearing her side of the story. Uncle Frank comes to her room in a friendly, understanding way, but by then the girl is feeling miserable and is unable to say what happened in a natural way. When Uncle Frank says they will pay for a new suit anyway, she probably feels that even he does not believe her. This episode, plus the war and probably her father's death, changed the girl's life for ever - she grew up and the world seemed a gloomier place (final paragraph). Kiss Miss Carol =============== Joli is completely different to the girl in the first story. Although he was born in England, his family are immigrants from Bangladesh. His father does not really fit in - he speaks Bengali to the boy, wears traditional clothing (unlike the children even of some other immigrant families). He has his own religion and village life at home is still so important to him that he sends his elder son home to sort out a dispute.

Like Water for Chocolate Essay

Suggests that the soup has made her feel like a baby again given that while she is still in her mom’s belly she cries very hard when onions are chopped and it suggest the impact of food to Tita. After drinking the soup Tita has miraculously recovered from the loss of pigeons which she kept as pet and that triggered her sense of loosing Pedro and R erself to cook she fell in love with it and got a part time job as an assistant to a cooking teacher. Even though she has a lack of precision she was hired because she wasn’t afraid to fail and has a passion to cook unlike the others and getting hired made her feel confident, hence gaining control of life through cooking. The protagonist, Tita in Like Water for Chocolate gains control through cooking as well. Cooking is the only thing Tita love to do because Mama Elena bans her from doing a lot of things; the kitchen is the area where she can retreat from Mama Elena’s demands. When she cooked quail in rose petal sauce she controlled and triggered a lot of people’s emotion. Her sister Gertrudis was the first on affected by the dish, it aroused her sexual desire. She fled naked from her burning shower and when on a horse, galloping away with a soldier. Another incident where she gained control is the Chabela wedding cake she made for her lover Pedro and Rosaura. Even though she couldn’t stop the wedding, she made everyone cry. She made people cry for her tragic experience not only the guests cried, Mama Elena cried as well. She lost control of her life but through cooking she gain control of people’s emotions. In Like Water for Chocolate, food is not just a nutrition it acts as a very important nurturing role. The ox-tail soup Dr. John gave Tita has recalled the best moments of her life and brought back memories of her and Nacha making ox-tail soup together, chopping onions. It suggests that the soup has made her feel like a baby again given that while she is still in her mom’s belly she cries very hard when onions are chopped and it suggest the impact of food to Tita.

Social Learning Theory - 839 Words

For this assignment, I will be studying social learning theory. Social learning theory was first proposed by Albert Bandura. It is a theory that emphasizes the importance of observing and modeling the behaviors, attitudes, and emotional reactions of others, (Social Learning Theory, n.d.). There are three main hypotheses of social learning theory. First, the theory assumes that people can learn by observing others (Cherry, n.d.). Second, social learning theory builds on behaviorism by suggesting that intrinsic rewards can help a person learn or modify behavior. However, observation alone does not lead to a change in behavior. There are four main steps involved in whether the individual can learn based on observation. Those four steps include attention, retention, reproduction, and motivation (Cherry, n.d.). Social learning theory implies that cognitive processes (thought patterns) and environmental cues (the behavior of others that may be modeled) are important for learning. The assigned readings show that Banduras original social learning theory was expanded on by other researchers like Akers. Akers suggested that the frequency, duration, intensity, and priority of the different associations individuals have with others also has a strong bearing on whether the individual learns to change his or her behavior (Cochran, 2011, p. 795). In other words, a child is more influenced by his or her parents because that child sees the parent often if not always (frequency andShow MoreRelatedObservational And Social Learning Theory Essay899 Words   |  4 PagesActivity #1: Observational/Social Learning Theory The purpose of this paper is to discuss the validity of the Observational/Social Learning Theory. I will investigate what the observational/social learning theory is and its use in an everyday classroom environment. I will also relate this learning theory to any relevant Saint Leo core values. What is the observational/social learning theory? The observational learning theory, sometimes called the social learning theory, states that an individualRead MoreExplain the Social Learning Theory1737 Words   |  7 PagesExplain the Social Learning Theory, making reference to two relevant studies. By Tanisha Sabhaney Behaviouristic theories of learning are essentially theories of conditioning and emphasize the role of reinforcement in learning. One of the mot predominant theories is Albert Bandura’s social learning theory, which assumes that. People learn through observing others’ behavior, attitudes, and outcomes of those behaviors which is called observational learning, that is an indirect form of learning known asRead MoreEvaluation of Social Learning Theory1634 Words   |  7 PagesEvaluation of Social learning theory In this essay, I will try to evaluate Social learning theory as originated by Albert Bandura. I am going to use three pieces of evidence, in a form of case studies, which have been done previously to support or contradict Bandura’s theory. I will demonstrate my knowledge of these studies throughout their analysis, trying to highlight their strengths and limitations. Albert Bandura, a 20th century American pszchologist, proposed a very important and probablyRead MoreSocial Learning Theory Essay1057 Words   |  5 PagesAlbert Bandura’s Social Learning Theory describes the process through which people acquire new info, forms of behavior, or attitudes from others firsthand or vicariously. The likelihood of a behavior presenting itself will rely on the amount of reinforcement it receives and the value that the individual associates to it. While some behavior may be rewarded, others may produce unfavorable responses. An individual will learn from the consequences of these actions and when a similar situation arisesRead MoreThe Theory Of The Social Learning Theory2061 Words   |  9 PagesThe act of learning is an innate characteristic belonging to people across the globe. Learning can take place in many different forms (reading, writing, speaking, listening, excellency in a particular skill, etc.) and settings, generalizing from one content area to another. It also occurs at varying rates across a diverse spectrum of populations and can be influenced by any number of factors including personalities, perceived abilities, societal values and environment. Some individuals acquireRead MoreThe Theory Of Social Learning Theory1955 Words   |  8 PagesThis essay will demonstrate a knowledge and understanding and discuss the concept of social learning theory, whilst taking into consideration and explaining the way children learn and develop. This essay will focus on the overall concept of this theory and will explore the work of the theorist Albert Bandura and how he contributes to the role of the adult and their understanding of social learning. This essay will then examine the work of Urie Bronfenbrenner in relation to the work of Bandura. UsingRead MoreSocial Control Theory And Social Learning Theory2007 Words   |  9 Pagesor bad, but we really don’t know why we make those choices. There is a point in life w hen you choose to be deviant. Social control theory and social learning theory suggest what makes us do the deviant behavior and what makes it different from one person to another. They both have to do with the world around us, but have different views on how you portray yourself from that. Social control is how you interact with society, and it suggest that if you are close to society you will have good behaviorRead MoreCognitive and Social Learning Theories793 Words   |  3 Pages2, Cognitive learning theory and Social learning theory 2.Question2, Reinforcement theory, Constructivism theory and Sensory stimulation theory 3.Question 3 4.Referencingâ€Æ' Question 1 Define the concept LEARNING (10) Learning refers to ones change in knowledge or behaviour as the outcome of experience. Learning is an process that does not stop. Ones learning curve continues for the lifetime of the individual. Most learning happens through experience eg. training. Learning is ones developmentRead MoreSocial Learning And Constructivism Theory1030 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Learning and Constructivism Learning is described as a process by which behavior changes as a result of experience. According to Merriam and Cafarella (1991), there are five theories/orientations to learning, two of which will be compared in this paper; social learning theory and constructivism theory. Social Learning Theory Regarding social learning, this theory explains the individual learning process, the formation of one’s identity and, how individuals learn by observing others in a socialRead MoreReflection on Social Learning Theory2456 Words   |  10 PagesLearning nowadays is very much different from what we normally went through decades ago. There are many aspects in learning which have evolved and emerged to make learning more effective and meaningful to the learner. Learners’ role emerged from passively receiving information to actively participating in their own learning. Teachers’ role from delivering direct instruction to facilitating one’s learning. Learning theories evolved from behaviourism to social constructivism. Learning environment has

Nazi Ideology And The Nazi Party - 1436 Words

There has been many eras in history that have been appauling to human rights; Nazism in Germany was one of these eras. After its defeat in World War I, Germany was humiliated by the Versailles Treaty, which reduced its territory, drastically reduced its armed forces, demanded the recognition of its guilt for the war, and stipulated it pay reparations to the allied powers. Therefore with the German Empire destroyed, a new parliamentary government was formed. And so, in 1933, Adolf Hitler, was named chancellor of Germany. After the Nazi party won in the elections of 1932, the Nazi party conducted propaganda campaigns. Propaganda appeared to depict the Nazi government as stepping in and restoring order. This propaganda was used to maintain power, implement policies, and justify the extermination of millions of Jews and others considered inferior by Hitler and the Nazi party. Therefore, Nazi ideology was defined as theories of racial hierarchy and Social Darwinism, which identified Germa ns as part of what Nazis regarded as an Aryan or master race. This ideology aimed to overcome social divisions and create a homogeneous societies, or national unity. The Nazis aimed to unite all Germans living in German territory, as well as gain additional lands for expansion. The German people were reminded of the struggle against foreign enemies and Jewish Disruption through propaganda campaigns. Thus, the effects of Nazism were Anti-Semitism, Euthanasia programs, and the Holocaust.Show MoreRelatedNazi Ideology And The Nazi Party Essay1641 Words   |  7 PagesThe leaders of the Nazi party made it one of the most infamous groups to lead a nation in history. The horrible things done under their rule and with their stamp of approval has made the term Nazi one of the worst possible. The amazing thing about the Nazi party is that many of the main aspects of their ideology existed in Germany even before they formed or came to power. Some of the major aspects of Nazi ideology such as antisemitism, the desire to expand the German empire, and the belief inRead MoreFascist Ideology- Norsefire and the Nazi Party1441 Words   |  6 PagesFascist Ideology By Evie Friedrich Question One. What were the ideologies of the Nazi Party and the Norsefire Party portrayed in V for Vendetta? Nazi ideology or Nazism was the ideology developed by Adolf Hitler and other prominent Nazis in Germany. There were many existing ideologies that influenced Nazism such as Fascism and Nationalism, however Nazism was a unique ideology in many ways. It combined many ideas, values and morals that were key to Hitler’s vision of Germany, such as LebensraumRead MoreThe Nazi Party s Failure Of Convincing The German Population Of Their Ideology Essay2254 Words   |  10 PagesThe Nazi Party’s Failure in Convincing the German Population of Their Ideology Jacob Nelson AP World History November 18, 2016 As the Nazi political party, also known as the National Socialist German Workers Party, grew, they needed a way to keep control over and continue to influence German citizens of their ideology. The Nazi party’s propaganda is considered to be ingenious because of it’s ability to quietly influence the German citizens to the party’s hateful message. The Nazi partyRead MoreIb History Essay: Nazi Ideology1180 Words   |  5 PagesStrength and Weaknesses from the impact of Nazi ideology on Germany | | Jean-Vincent Mewald | 3/March/2012 | | Nazi ideology had a massive impact on the German people in the years from 1933-39. All aspects of the Germans where influenced by the Nazi ideology (culturally, socially and economical). Nazi ideology affected mostly the younger generation of Germans, as it was easier to manipulate them through school and youth groups. In addition, Nazi leaders thought it was of great importanceRead MoreGeorg Lincoln Rockwell and the American Nazi Party1402 Words   |  6 PagesGeorge Lincoln Rockwell found the American Nazi Party and how successful was it by the time of his death in 1967? Introduction: Thirteen years following the end of WWII and the exposure of the Nazi’s and their atrocities worldwide, 1958 should have been a year where the ideologies of Hitler were no longer seen as acceptable, none the less adopted. 1958 is the year which the American Nazi Party, a fascist neo-Nazi organisation in America with Nazi ideologies at its core, was started by a man namedRead MoreDr. I.L. Kandel’S Article Entitled â€Å"Education In Nazi Germany†1511 Words   |  7 PagesDr. I.L. Kandel’s article entitled â€Å"Education in Nazi Germany† highlights Nazi policy regarding the reeducation of the citizenry with the goal of showing that totalitarian states utilize education as a method of subordinating all individuals comprising the nation. During his analysis, Kandel makes the claim the Nazi Party’s policies regarding education were influenced by the idea of Gleichschaltung – coordination; all policies aimed to construct a uniform citizen ry answer to the whim of its singleRead More Comparing the Nazis and the Party of George Orwells Nineteen Eighty-Four (1984)1303 Words   |  6 PagesSimilarities between Nazis and the Party of 1984    The government of Nazi Germany greatly resembled the Party, the government in 1984. Both operated similarly and had similar aims. Anything either government did was an action for maintaining power. Both the Nazis and the Party maintained similar ideologies, controlled mass media, educated children in their beliefs, had a secret police force, and had forced labor camps. Both governments used each of these methods maintain power and control overRead MoreThe Nazi Party Of Germany1202 Words   |  5 PagesThe Nazi Party of Germany aimed to create a ‘racially pure’ society between the years 1933 through to 1945. This society, or Volksgemeinschaft, was to contain Hitler’s ideological view on what a pure person, or Aryan should be. It also involved the exclusion of anyone who did not fit this mould. The Nazi party was extremely successful in achieving their highly aimed goal. Through the Nazi’s control over youth groups and in children’s education, the Naz i Party and Hitler were able to reach this goalRead MoreMedical Procedures During The Nazi Rule879 Words   |  4 Pages ‘Medical’ Procedures During the Nazi Rule During the Nazi Party’s rise to power, it held a strong influence on not only the German people, but as well as all of conquered Europe. It was able to coerce regular citizens into joining one of the most destructive genocides recorded in history by turning them into antisemites, and, in some regards, murderers. It is important to learn from history about the power a government has over the influence of their citizens, particularly in the field of medicineRead MoreA Brief Note On Nazis And The Environment1023 Words   |  5 Pages Environment Professor Yan Gao 2 December 2015 Nazis and the Environment The Nazi party in Germany left behind a legacy of atrocities that included racism, anti-Semitism, and genocide. The appeal of the Nazis relied on problems in Germany following the aftermath of World War I. They examined the different problems Germany faced and the different aspects of their political beliefs, one in particular being their environmental outlook. The Nazi party drew substantial support with their idealized version

Through The Eyes Of Our People - 2801 Words

Through the eyes of our people Comprehensive Research Paper Andrea (Whipple) Headbird ECE527: Observation and Assessment, Cohort 2329 April 27, 2015 When thinking about the word trauma, what comes to mind is a deeply, distressing or disturbing experience. According to Dr. Maria YellowHorse-BraveHeart (2003): â€Å"Cumulative emotional and psychological wounding over the lifespan and across generations, emanating from massive group trauma.† These effects have changed how Native Americans have been treated in the past and how they are dealing with historic trauma now. Even though this is the seventh generation, our communities are suffering. Through this research, early childhood educators will be able to gain a better†¦show more content†¦This was taking away as early as the fur trade industry began. This change the way of life known to the Native Americans. In 1830, President Andrew Jackson made into law Indian Removal Act Where Native Americans were forcibly removed from their homes and way of life. According to Carlisle-Penna Pratt (1879) â€Å"Kill the Indian and save the man was the goal and the beginning of the boarding schools era.† When the children no longer could fit in their culture or any other, they became depressed, lost, confused, a deep sense of grief and loss. Which impact subsequent generations. This damage from that early abuse, loneliness and lack of love is being seen as a major factor in the illness that plagues tribes today. It has been passed on from one generation to the next and manifesting in high rates of poverty substance abuse, domestic violence, depression and suicide. These facts are what historic trauma is associated with brain development: The emotional stress, anger, anxiety, depression, substance abuse, grief, abuse, neglect, shame, this also has created poor health problems that also effect brain development. Diseases such as alcoholism, diabetes, cancer, heart disease and suicide is what affects children s today. Raising and Disciplining the Children Everyone helped raise the children in the family. Grandparents were an important resource in child-rearing. Grandfathers gave advice on raising boys, and the Grandmothers gave advice on the girls. Everyone

Module 4 Website Review Free Essays

The website enTarga.com is a website offering consultancy services for the strategic planning for the business of the future. This website is owned by ROSS A. We will write a custom essay sample on Module 4 Website Review or any similar topic only for you Order Now WIRTH who is acclaimed professional and academician. This website offers consultancy services for the change management within any organization of any size. It works â€Å"to support the development of internal expertise to develop a culture that is conducive to organizational learning and change processes. (enTarga.com)† Website Review: This website is excellent in its content and very simple to use and maintain. The home page has clearly defined sections under name Organisational Change, Strategic Planning, HR Planning, Marketing Planning and organisational complexity. The mission of the website as appeared on the home page is as follows: â€Å"Helping organizations establish change processes that align with their unique culture and business needs – enabling the adaptive business of the future.   Harnessing the power of organizational learning and self-leadership for emergent organizational change with strategic visioning providing the collective purpose.   Turning theory into practice; working today to build the organization of the future.   This is our mission.† It offers white papers and other source materials for the users. These materials are well organized and written. The website offers interactivity through Yahoo Groups. There are different Yahoo Groups made for different topics and people can interact, discuss and solve there issues. These groups are active and involvement of Ross Writ makes it interesting and interactive. These groups have no national, academic or industrial boundaries. Anyone who is interested in the relevant topic can register himself and become member of the group. The process is simple and has better chances of attracting people of like minds. As defined on the website enTarga has its unique meaning. It is as follows: En- to make; cause to be made to resemble. Targa- A type of shield carried on the forearm for protection, related to target â€Å"Look and feel† and apparent target audience The look and feel of the website is very simple, rather below average, but the content of website makes it much better than any other website with excellent look and no content. However if more efforts are done towards improving the look of website, it will attract more audience. Search Engine optimization and similar strategies will also help in increasing popularity of the website. So far it seems to be attracting people on the word of mouth basis. This website provides me loads of information without any requirement of being member or paying anything. Apart from this the permission to use the material published on the website and acknowledging the author (Ross Writ) is another attractive feature. The site does not have any commercial feel in it; rather it looks as a pure academic website. On the Organisational Change page ChangeAgent yahoo group is available for the viewers to participate in the relevant discussions. This webpage introduces the viewer to the organisational change process. It provides information on the change agents, resistance to change, points of leverage and organisation culture with respect to change. It also offers another link to the resources of organisational change. The resources available are of free of cost. Strategic Planning webpage provides information on the Strategic planning process in any organisation. It gives information on benefits, pitfalls, implementation problems and key influencing factors as separate web links. It provides information on the Steps in the strategic planning process, business performance management and offers other planning resources on the website as different links. The yahoo group for this section is OrgComplexity. The third web link is HR Planning. Here viewer gets information on Human resource issues, employee engagement, and strategic readiness of the organisation, Balanced Scorecard (BSC) and resources for human resource planning. This also has a yahoo group named ChangeAgent as its discussion list. Marketing Planning provides information on customer analysis, marketing strategy questions, planning resources on the internet, associated marketing topics like Integrated marketing communications, relationship marketing, brand marketing topics on the internet, creating a brand strategy and development guidelines for internet marketing. The yahoo discussion group for the website is ChangeAgent. Organisational Complexity provides information on organisational complexity and related issues. The yahoo discussion group for the same is OrgComplexity. Apart from the above mentioned main categories of strategy information, it also has Knowledge Management Organizational Learning as a separate webpage that provides information on knowledge management, barriers, Requirements for spreading a best practice across the organization, organisational learning and other resources. The yahoo groups are active and have different members fro across the world. The groups initiate different topics for discussions. Anytime any member joins a new group receives a welcome.doc which contains welcome message and the current topic of discussion and requests the new member to introduce himself to the group. Once the member posts his message the message is moderated in the prohibition period. This is done in order to control spamming and spammers. Once the new member proves his authenticity, he participates in the group discussion and information sharing without any restrictions. Conclusion It will not be appropriate to criticise this website with such comprehensive and well written content for the looks and feel. But it will be an excellent website if some efforts are done to improve its look. Being a management professional I find it really useful for my continuous education and improvement and helpful in getting support in the form of suggestions in the yahoo groups. For me the attractiveness of this website is the active yahoo groups. Any new article published on the website will be notified in the yahoo groups. This will keep the members informed. If interested, members can visit the website for reading the article free of cost. This makes the website interactive and keeps the users engage in the activities. There are various issues on the day to day problems of business world. Many a time individuals do not get any kind of platform or experienced people to guide them. The information available on the website deals with various issues that can help individuals to handle particular situations and take appropriate actions. This attractiveness is unique selling proposition for the website and this will attract me to go back to the website again and again. Reference: Lisa Hoecklin. (1995).Managing Cultural Differences: Strategies for Competitive Advantage. Wokingham:Addison-Wesley Publisher Ltd. Levitt, T. (1983), The Marketing imagination, New York, The Free Press Mà ¶ller, K. and Wilson, D. (1995), Business Marketing: An Interaction and Network Perspective. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Norwell.    How to cite Module 4 Website Review, Essay examples

Case Study on Constant Change of Consumer Purchasing Behavior Nike

Question: Discuss about the Constant Change of Consumers Purchasing Behavior? Answer: Introduction The research illustrates the concept of the constant change of consumers purchasing behavior and its impact on the business of Nike Inc. Consumers buying behavior is the prime concern of any business in constructing marketing strategies and acquiring competitive advantages over the competitors (Bolton and Mattila 2015). The introduction chapter provides the basic knowledge of this particular research topic. Background of the company Figure 1: Logo of the company (Source: about.nike.com/ 2016) Nike Inc. is an well known multinational corporation of United States that are engaged in designing, developing, manufacturing, and marketing the of footwear, apparel, and accessories (about.nike.com/ 2016). As per the record of 2015, the net income of the organization was $3.273 billion (NASDAQ.com. 2016). It has been found that the net income, revenue, and profit margin has been declining since the third quarter of 2015 (NASDAQ.com. 2016). Rationale of the research. What is the issue? The main issue of this research is that presently the organization is facing some difficulties in generating more revenue as well as profit. The management body of the company fails to identify the expectations of its customers from their business. Thus, they fail to enhance their sales as well as revenue and profit. In 2012, revenue was increased from 20.89B to 24.12B and in the next year the growth was slowed down. In 2013, it was 25.33B and 27.79B in 2014 (NASDAQ.com. 2016). Nike failed to identify exactly which factors make constant change in customers purchasing behavior. The company confronts complex situation in retaining its customers and attract the new ones (Mahdi et al. 2015). In the present situation, they fail to meet the customers expectations and hence most of the customers break their loyalty with this brand and shift to consume other products. Why it is an issue? Presently, the company fails to identify the choices and expectations of its consumers and hence fails to provide customer satisfaction to the fullest extent. This is the reason that the organization fail to obtain comparative advantages over its major competitors (Mahdi et al. 2015). Why it is an issue now? In todays modern market, the consumers have more options in their hand to make the purchasing decision. It becomes more complicated to identify their preferences and predict their expectations as well. What could this study shed light on? This particular research study will help to analyze how the purchasing behavior of the consumers changes over time. Further, the study concentrates on the impact of the constant change of their choices on the business. Research Aim The aim of the research is to analyze various factors that affect the purchasing decision of the customers and the reason that the Nike business is facing certain issues due to the change of its customers choices. Research Objectives The objectives of this particular research are: To analyze different factors that influence the consumers buying decision To determine the impact of consumers purchasing behavior on the business of Nike Inc. Research Questions The research questions for this particular study are: What are the different factors that influence the consumers buying decision? What is the impact of consumers purchasing behavior on the business of Nike Inc.? Summary The introduction chapter creates the backbone of the current research that elaborates the entire research paper. The research rationale, aim and objective describe the requirements of the research. Further, the researcher has framed some research questions in order to proceed to the right direction. Literature Review Introduction The researcher conducts the study on the research topic of the impact of the constant change of consumers purchasing behavior on the business performances. For this research, the researcher has gathered the secondary data and information from various academic books, journals and relevant websites. Some previous research works have been done on the same topic that helps the researcher to gather knowledge and include additional viewpoints. Through analyzing the gap between the previous research works and the current research study, the researcher brings out the uniqueness of this paper. Importance of consumers behavior to the business Consumers purchasing behavior is the most important factor that the businesses considers before launching their products. The design of the products along the amount of supply is formulated by determining the purchasing behavior of the consumers (Zhang 2015). Different consumers have different minds and attitudes to the products available in the market. However, Ahmed, Parmar and Amin (2014) explained that most of the customers are influenced by the visual representation of the products. Thus, the organizations focus more on the advertising process to grab the attention of the buyers. Through promoting the products, the organizations analyze the response of the consumers and take further steps to enhance their sales. The prime purpose of identifying the customers choices and preferences is to deliver the highest possible satisfaction to the consumers. It is important for the business to understand the likes and dislikes of the customers to produce their products accordingly. More specifically, the organizations value the customers behavior in order to enhance their sales and business market. The large volume of customer satisfaction increases the number as well as amount of goods purchases. This way, the organizations enhance their business by valuing the consumers needs and attitudes as well. Influential factors of consumers purchasing behavior As opined by Thompson and Prendergast (2015), consumers purchasing behavior and their ultimate decision of selecting a product depends on some factors that influence them regarding their choices and preferences. In this context, Teng and Wang (2015) stated that the consumers make their purchasing decision as per their personal factors. The personal factors of the individuals vary in terms of differences in age, lifestyle, occupation and income of the consumers. The choice of a teenager in purchasing a product, say apparel, is different from the choice of an aged person. Moreover, people lead different lifestyles and thus their preferences also based on that. Solomon, Russell-Bennett and Previte (2012) added that the buyers are mostly influenced by their psychological factors where they make their decisions as per their beliefs and attitudes. Suppose a neighbor of a person has purchased a branded television, it will influence the person to buy the same one or something better than thi s. Here, the attitude of the person changes due to their beliefs about the available products (Javadi et al. 2012). Thompson and Prendergast (2015) added a different viewpoint where the cultural factors get highest importance in purchasing decision. The culture of the society where a person lives put highest impact on their needs and choices. For example, suppose the consumer lives in a culture where old aged people prefer sophisticated and simple dress and teenagers funky dresses with bright color. Suppose, the consumer's age is 36, thus he would start to shift to purchase more light dresses. Apart from this, the family needs and preferences also influence a persons buying decision (Teng and Wang 2015). If the family of a person likes to consume latest fashionable products, then the person also tend to buy the products as per the choices of his family. Gensler, Verhoef and Bhm (2012) stated the economic factor is the prime influential factor that influences the purchasing decision of the customers. If a persons income or the income of his family increases, then he would increase its consumptions. Apart from this, future income expectation also affected todays buying decision (Lin and Huang 2012). Impact of consumers changing behavior on business In todays modern technology world, people have more options to choose between. The firms confront more competition in both the domestic as well as the world market (Solomon 2014.). The organizations produce their products by analyzing its customers requirements and expectation from the organization. Here, the study has analyzed that Nike business fails to identify the expectations of the customers from their brand. Because of failing to recognize customers expectation, they fail to provide customer satisfaction. Thus, the sales have slowed down and as a result the company generates less revenue in the present situation (Mahdi et al. 2015). The factors discussed above influence the buying behavior and hence the choices and preferences of the consumers changes over times. Among the factors, the personal and psychological factors influence the consumers most in purchasing the products of Nike. Further, it has been found that the market position of its major competitors strengthens more and hence the respective organization is facing more challenges from the business market (Mahdi et al. 2015). Now, the consumers have more alternative products to shift to another brand and make purchase. This is the reason of constant changes in their purchasing decision. Gap analysis between current and previous research studies It has been found that most of the research works are done on how the consumers buying decision changes and how they affect the business and marketing strategies. The researcher experiences that the choices and preferences of the consumers changes constantly as well as rapidly in the present market. Therefore, the researcher has considered elaborating this in the present study with the help of the contemporary issues faced by Nike. Summary In this particular chapter, the researcher has analyzed the research topic along with the viewpoints of the researcher who have done research work on the same topic. Here, the researcher has elaborated the concept of consumers buying behavior and its influential factors. Apart from this, it is demonstrated how consumers changing decision of purchasing a product affect the business of Nike. 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